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Thomas Jefferson

Vice President

Personal details

Born

taxes
August 19, 1953

Nationality

United States

Profession

Vice President

Height

187 cm

Putiton-E Member Details : {"id":252,"name":"Thomas Jefferson","slug":"thomas-jefferson","qr_scan":"https://backend.putiton.accept.crebos.online/uploads/images/1721986782.png","is_verify":false,"share_img":"https://backend.putiton.accept.crebos.online/uploads/images/1721986827-shot.jpeg","first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Jefferson","email":"lalitkumar.crebos@gmail.com","country":"US","city":"taxes","dob":"1953-08-19","profession":"Vice President","office_name":"","education":"","image":"https://backend.putiton.accept.crebos.online/uploads/images/croppedImage_1721986823068.jpg","biography":[{"id":2119,"user_id":252,"title":"Introduction","description":"Thomas Jefferson (April 13, 1743<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-7\">[b]</a> – July 4, 1826) was an American statesman, planter, diplomat, lawyer, architect, philosopher, and <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States\">Founding Father</a> who served as the third <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_States\">president of the United States</a> from 1801 to 1809.<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-Morris19732-8\">[6]</a> He was the primary author of the <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence\">Declaration of Independence</a>. Following the <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War\">American Revolutionary War</a> and prior to becoming president in 1801, Jefferson was the nation's first <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State\">U.S. secretary of state</a> under <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington\">George Washington</a> and then the nation's second <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vice_president_of_the_United_States\">vice president</a> under <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams\">John Adams</a>. Jefferson was a leading proponent of democracy, <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republicanism\">republicanism</a>, and individual rights, and produced formative documents and decisions at the state, national, and international levels.","created_at":"2024-07-26T09:40:57.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-07-26T09:40:57.000000Z","uuid":"9c9d210d-8f1a-41ab-8289-e033653789b2","type":"publish","sort_order":"1"},{"id":2120,"user_id":252,"title":"Early life and education","description":"efferson was born into the British <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colony_of_Virginia\">Colony of Virginia</a>'s <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planter_class\">planter class</a>, dependent on <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slavery_in_the_colonial_history_of_the_United_States\">slave labor</a>. During the American Revolution, Jefferson represented Virginia at the <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Continental_Congress\">Second Continental Congress</a> and served as the second <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor_of_Virginia\">governor</a> of <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_in_the_American_Revolution\">revolutionary Virginia</a> from 1779 to 1781. In 1785, <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congress_of_the_Confederation\">Congress</a> appointed Jefferson <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_France\">U.S. minister to France</a>, where he served from 1785 to 1789. President Washington then appointed Jefferson the nation's first secretary of state, where he served from 1790 to 1793. During this time, in the early 1790s, Jefferson and <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Madison\">James Madison</a> organized the <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party\">Democratic-Republican Party</a> to oppose the <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federalist_Party\">Federalist Party</a> during the formation of the nation's <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Party_System\">First Party System</a>. Jefferson and Federalist John Adams became both friends and political rivals. In the <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1796_United_States_presidential_election\">1796 U.S. presidential election</a> between the two, Jefferson came in second, which made him Adams' vice president under the electoral laws of the time. Four years later, in the <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1800_United_States_presidential_election\">1800 presidential election</a>, Jefferson again challenged Adams, and won the presidency. In <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1804_United_States_presidential_election\">1804</a>, Jefferson was reelected overwhelmingly to a second term.","created_at":"2024-07-26T09:40:57.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-07-26T09:40:57.000000Z","uuid":"9c9d210d-8fd6-4dde-b631-ac8a0aed403e","type":"publish","sort_order":"2"},{"id":2121,"user_id":252,"title":"Career trajectory","description":"Jefferson began his education together with the <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randolph_family_of_Virginia\">Randolph</a> children at Tuckahoe under tutors.<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-18\">[15]</a> Thomas' father Peter, who was self-taught and regretted not having a formal education, entered Thomas into an English school at age five. In 1752, at age nine, he attended a local school run by a Scottish Presbyterian minister and also began studying the natural world, which he grew to love. At this time he began studying Latin, Greek, and French, while learning to ride horses as well. Thomas also read books from his father's modest library.<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-bowers12-19\">[16]</a> He was taught from 1758 to 1760 by the Reverend <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Maury\">James Maury</a> near <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordonsville,_Virginia\">Gordonsville, Virginia</a>, where he studied history, science, and the classics while boarding with Maury's family.<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-20\">[17]</a><a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-bowers12-19\">[16]</a> Jefferson came to know various American Indians, including the Cherokee chief <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostenaco\">Ostenaco</a>, who often stopped at Shadwell to visit on their way to <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Williamsburg,_Virginia\">Williamsburg</a> to trade.<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-21\">[18]</a><a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-22\">[19]</a> In Williamsburg, the young Jefferson met and came to admire <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Henry\">Patrick Henry</a>, eight years his senior, and shared a common interest in the playing of the violin.<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-23\">[20]</a><a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ChristopherWrenBuilding.jpg\"><img style=\"height:auto;\" src=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/ChristopherWrenBuilding.jpg/220px-ChristopherWrenBuilding.jpg\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/ChristopherWrenBuilding.jpg/330px-ChristopherWrenBuilding.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/ChristopherWrenBuilding.jpg/440px-ChristopherWrenBuilding.jpg 2x\" sizes=\"100vw\" width=\"220\" height=\"147\"></a>The <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wren_Building\">Wren Building</a> at the <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College_of_William_%26_Mary\">College of William & Mary</a>, where Jefferson studiedJefferson entered the <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College_of_William_%26_Mary\">College of William & Mary</a> in <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Williamsburg,_Virginia\">Williamsburg, Virginia</a>, in 1761, at the age of eighteen, and studied mathematics, metaphysics, and philosophy with <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Small\">William Small</a>. Under Small's tutelage, Jefferson encountered the ideas of the British <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empiricism\">Empiricists</a>, including <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Locke\">John Locke</a>, <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Bacon\">Francis Bacon</a>, and <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Newton\">Isaac Newton</a>. Small introduced Jefferson to <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Wythe\">George Wythe</a> and <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Fauquier\">Francis Fauquier</a>. Small, Wythe, and Fauquier recognized Jefferson as a man of exceptional ability and included him in their inner circle, where he became a regular member of their Friday dinner parties. Jefferson later wrote that, while there, he \"heard more common good sense, more rational & philosophical conversations than in all the rest of my life\".<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-24\">[21]</a>","created_at":"2024-07-26T09:40:57.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-07-26T09:40:57.000000Z","uuid":"9c9d210d-905c-47a4-9451-d230f350f3d6","type":"publish","sort_order":"3"},{"id":2122,"user_id":252,"title":"Legacy and future","description":"On July 20, 1765, Jefferson's sister Martha married his close friend and college companion <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dabney_Carr_(Virginia_assemblyman)\">Dabney Carr</a>, which was greatly pleasing to Jefferson. In October of that year, however, Jefferson mourned his sister Jane's unexpected death at age 25; he wrote a farewell <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epitaph\">epitaph</a> for her in <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin\">Latin</a>.<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-31\">[28]</a>Jefferson treasured his books and amassed three sizable libraries in his lifetime. He began assembling his first library, which grew to 200 volumes, in his youth. It included books inherited from his father and left to him by Wythe.<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-32\">[29]</a> In 1770, however, Jefferson's first library was destroyed in a fire at his Shadwell home. His second library replenished the first. It grew to 1,250 titles by 1773, and to nearly 6,500 volumes by 1814.<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-33\">[30]</a> Jefferson organized his books into three broad categories corresponding with elements of the human mind: memory, reason, and imagination.<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-34\">[31]</a> After <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empire\">British</a> forces burnt the <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_of_Congress\">Library of Congress</a> during the 1814 <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burning_of_Washington\">Burning of Washington</a>, Jefferson sold his second library to the <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States\">U.S. government</a> for $23,950, hoping to help jumpstart the Library of Congress' rebuilding. Jefferson used a portion of the proceeds to pay off some of his large debt. However, Jefferson soon resumed collecting what amounted to his third personal library, writing to <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams\">John Adams</a>, \"I cannot live without books.\"<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-library-35\">[32]</a><a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-36\">[33]</a> By the time of his death a decade later, the library had grown to nearly 2,000 volumes.<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-37\">[34]</a>","created_at":"2024-07-26T09:40:57.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-07-26T09:40:57.000000Z","uuid":"9c9d210d-90e4-4026-9f8e-ea7b1e1fedb4","type":"publish","sort_order":"4"},{"id":2123,"user_id":252,"title":"References","description":"In 1768, Jefferson began constructing his primary residence, Monticello, whose name in Italian means \"Little Mountain\", on a hilltop overlooking his 5,000-acre (20 km2; 7.8 sq mi) plantation.<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-47\">[d]</a> He spent most of his adult life designing Monticello as architect and was quoted as saying, \"Architecture is my delight, and putting up, and pulling down, one of my favorite amusements.\"<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-48\">[44]</a> Construction was done mostly by local masons and carpenters, assisted by Jefferson's slaves.<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-49\">[45]</a> He moved into the South Pavilion in 1770. Turning Monticello into a neoclassical masterpiece in the <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palladian_architecture\">Palladian</a> style was his perennial project.<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-50\">[46]</a>On January 1, 1772, Jefferson married his third cousin<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-51\">[47]</a> <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Jefferson\">Martha Wayles Skelton</a>, the 23-year-old widow of Bathurst Skelton.<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-Tucker_p.47-52\">[48]</a><a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-53\">[49]</a> She was a frequent hostess for Jefferson and managed the large household. Biographer <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumas_Malone\">Dumas Malone</a> described the marriage as the happiest period of Jefferson's life.<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-54\">[50]</a> Martha read widely, did fine needlework, and was a skilled pianist; Jefferson often accompanied her on the violin or cello.<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-55\">[51]</a> During their ten years of marriage, Martha bore six children: <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Jefferson_Randolph\">Martha</a> \"Patsy\" (1772–1836); Jane Randolph (1774–1775); an unnamed son who lived for only a few weeks in 1777; <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Jefferson_Eppes\">Mary</a> \"Polly\" (1778–1804); Lucy Elizabeth (1780–1781); and another Lucy Elizabeth (1782–1784).<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-56\">[52]</a><a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-59\">[e]</a> Only Martha and Mary survived to adulthood.<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-Martha-60\">[55]</a> Martha's father John Wayles died in 1773, and the couple inherited 135 enslaved people, 11,000 acres (45 km2; 17 sq mi), and the estate's debts. The debts took Jefferson years to satisfy, contributing to his financial problems.<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-Tucker_p.47-52\">[48]</a>Martha later suffered from ill health, including diabetes, and frequent childbirth weakened her. Her mother had died young, and Martha lived with two stepmothers as a girl. A few months after the birth of her last child, she died on September 6, 1782, with Jefferson at her bedside. Shortly before her death, Martha made Jefferson promise never to marry again, telling him that she could not bear to have another mother raise her children.<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-61\">[56]</a> Jefferson was grief-stricken by her death, relentlessly pacing back and forth. He emerged after three weeks, taking long rambling rides on secluded roads with his daughter Martha, by her description \"a solitary witness to many a violent burst of grief\".<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-Martha-60\">[55]</a><a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#cite_note-Halliday48-62\">[57]</a>","created_at":"2024-07-26T09:40:57.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-07-26T09:40:57.000000Z","uuid":"9c9d210d-916d-4f03-a088-58a3fb0c0fc2","type":"publish","sort_order":"5"}],"is_publish":1,"admin_publish_hidden":"","height":"187","website":"","twitter_link":"","linkedin_link":"","created_at":"2024-07-26T09:39:41.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-09-09T06:18:06.000000Z","subscription_details":null,"content_leader":0,"unread_messages_count":0,"hide_email":true}, Link to Member Profile: https://frontend.putiton.accept.crebos.online/members/thomas-jefferson